Posts tagged capitalism

The Museum: Textworks, Cultural Economy, and Polytextual Dispersion

deWaard, Andrew.  The Museum: Textworks, Cultural Economy, and Polytextual Dispersion.  MA Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. cIRcle: UBC’s Information Repository. [ubc library page] [full text pdf]

Abstract: The Museum is a theoretical model that aims to render a media-saturated world in which our media have become saturated with media. Corporate conglomeration of the cultural industries has transformed the production and circulation of art; the Museum captures the inter-related complexities of this development in which the notion of a singular text breaks down in the wake of synergistic proliferation. Conceiving of this ‘new society’ requires new conceptions: a model (the Museum), a language (polytextuality), a discipline (cultural economy), and a product (the textwork). Section I establishes the ‘Geography of the Museum’, starting with its chief architect, André Malraux, who designs the neo-aesthetic foundation of the ‘Imaginary Museum’ (Chapter Three). The post-structural blueprints are then drawn up by Mikhail Bakhtin and Julia Kristeva, giving the Museum its polytextual essence (Chapter Four). The Museum is then physically erected by the conglomerated cultural industries, transforming the Imaginary Museum into a material consumer experience (Chapter Five). Section II turns to the ‘Display of the Museum’, cataloguing the different ways in which art manifests itself within the Museum. By way of Roland Barthes, the textwork is theorized, a dialogical designation for the type of networked cultural output that now dominates popular culture (Chapter Seven). Case studies of particularly illuminating textworks are then presented, illustrating the polytextual content of the Museum in a multitude of intersecting forms and mediums. A decisively polytextual museum exhibition, “KRAZY! The Delirious World of Anime + Comics + Video Games + Art”, as well as two films – Children of Men and V for Vendetta – are seen as literal embodiments of the Museum (Chapter Eight). The next textwork is concerned with intermedial structure, and focuses on the Wu-Tang Clan’s interpolation of certain cinematic genres, as well as other mediums (Chapter Nine). The final textwork is General Electric, the world’s largest conglomerate. Transformers and 30 Rock, two very different GE products, both explicitly exhibit corporate synergy through polytextuality (Chapter Ten). Over-arching cultural shifts are demonstrated by the Museum: access over ownership, circulation over distribution, dialogue over delivery, digital social text over authorship, and multiple over singular.

It’s Up To You… No Really, It’s Up to You: Radiohead, Big Music, and the Future of the Record Industry

deWaard, Andrew. “It’s Up To You… No Really, It’s Up to You: Radiohead, Big Music, and the Future of the Record Industry.” The Business of Entertainment: Popular Music. Ed. Robert C. Sickels. Westport, Conn: Praeger Publishers, 2008. [full text pdf] [world cat] [publisher's website] [amazon]

Abstract: In October of 2007, Radiohead self-released their latest album, In Rainbows, bypassing the corporate record industry and its major label dominance, allowing fans to download the album in mp3 format for whatever price each consumer felt appropriate.  When one logged on to InRainbows.com to download the album, instead of a price at the checkout basket, there was a box to fill-in with a question mark beside it.  Clicking on the question mark prompted a message: “It’s Up To You.”  Clicking again refreshed the screen: “No Really, It’s Up To You.”  This choice included zero dollars, if one was so inclined.  A highly publicized event, the press was quick to comment that this was the first major album whose price was determined by the consumer, but might it be the first major commodity whose price is determined by the consumer?  This ‘pay-what-you-want’ experiment, then, was not just about the changing nature of a music industry in crisis, but of late capitalism itself, of our conceptions of commodity value, labour, and intellectual property in the digital age.  If we accept Jacques Attali’s thesis that music is prophetic, and that every major social rupture has been preceded by a mutation in the codes, audition and economy of music, then what is our current system of music telling us about our future?  By putting the onus of value on the consumer, Radiohead allowed the public to vote for an alternative vision of society by way of, increasingly and unfortunately, the only method available: the consumer dollar.  The shifting terrain of popular culture and the entertainment market, especially the music industry and its forthcoming ‘celestial jukebox,’ is analyzed from the perspective of Radiohead’s symbolic act, with an eye toward the digital revolution’s role in music’s long history of social upheaval.